Category: Museum

The Luxor Museum, located near the Nile River, in the city centre of Luxor (Egypt) account for a few weeks with a new coffin of great historical interest. This piece was discovered two years ago by members of Djehuty Project, involving different experts from the University of Seville and other researchers from all over Spain.

The casket is a singular piece Iqer the time to which is attached, the beginning of the Middle Kingdom, a hectic time in the history of Egypt, with the country emerging from one of the deepest crises in its history. His style is also very unique: a band of decoration presents a rustic features hieroglyphic text, which we might describe as “naive”. The coloring is otherwise well preserved. Inside the coffin was found the mummy coffin owner, by the name of Iqer (which in Egyptian means “The Great”), with an interesting outfit consisting of bows, arrows, rods and ceramics.

Professor, Department of Ancient History at the University of Seville José Miguel Serrano, a member of the archaeological mission for more than a decade, and co-director of the same, says that it is a part “unique and very hard to find.”

Currently only half a dozen have discovered sarcophagi value similar to that already can be seen at the windows of the most important room of the Museum of Luxor. “We are very proud of this recognition that has given us one of the best museums in Egypt and continue to work because we are sure that there is still much to discover.”

In the past two years, this panel has almost doubled the area of ​​excavation where they found a number of funerary chapels and a deposit of ceramics, also of type funeral, the largest found so far. “This is a clear indication that this area contains interesting elements, and even likely, that we find new graves which would add to the five that we have discovered over the years of excavation,” says Serrano Delgado.

Karnak by Night

The topics that focuses its research are framed within the context of the Egyptian religion, mainly through texts and iconographic repertoires. Holds a research on funerary biographies, plus an interest rate for historiographical issues. In recent years, in line with their participation in the Project Djehuty, is dedicated to the study of New Kingdom funerary rituals

The Getty Center is located at 1200 Getty Center Drive the Avenue (Getty Center) of the Brentwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California (USA).

The Getty Center is located in Los Angeles (USA), is a kind of campus meets the J. Paul Getty Museum, the Getty Foundation, Research Institute, Conservation Institute and the Getty Trust.

The Getty Center is a private foundation dedicated to the arts and humanities. It has an important collection of European and American art. Develop a large number of exhibitions, cultural and educational activities around their pieces.

The origin of the institution dates back to 1953 when J. Paul Getty set Malibu home of a small museum of Greek and Roman antiquities, French furniture s. XVIII and European painting. The next venue was inaugurated in 1974 to be a Roman-style villa. inspired by the historical villas of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The current site was built in 1997 on a hill in Los Angeles as a major cultural complex

Most surface goes to Getty Center art museum, divided into several pavilions, the first buildings are occupied by the art of painting and the other buildings are to exhibits that change over time.

The Getty Center is a kind of campus that meets the Museum J. Paul Getty, the Getty Foundation, a research institute, a Conservation Institute and the Getty Trust, plus an auditorium facilities and several gardens.

The center is named after the American businessman and philanthropist Jean Paul Getty, who provided substantial funds, their private art collection and a mansion in Pacific Palisades (Malibu, California) to a trust named J. Paul Getty Trust. Had collected art since the 1930s. In this mansion was opened in 1974, the Museum J. Paul Getty Museum now identified as J. Paul Getty Malibu and its official website more colloquially called Getty Villa. It features Greco-Roman art funds, in line with its architectural style inspired by ancient villas of Pompeii and Herculaneum.

The construction of the Getty Center in Los Angeles, designed by Richard Meier and opened in 1997, marked the transfer of almost all art collections, save the pieces remaining Greek and Roman villa in Malibu.

Access to the Getty Center is free, the only fee is the public parking for visitors is $ 10 per car.

Paris Orsay Museum formerly train station and luxury hotel, the Orsay Museum is today one of the most visited museums in France.

Almost opposite the Louvre Museum , across the Seine, a large structure of 188 meters long by 75 meters wide and 32 meters high is imposed by the dock: The Orsay Museum . One of the museums ‘new’ in France and yet it is the third most visited, with over 2.5 million visitors per year. A special feature is that it was housed in the former railway station of the city.

Back in 1600, the area was a large garden belonging to Queen Margaret of Valois , wife of Henry IV divorced. When she died, the space was sold in batches and aristocratic mansions built, giving the area an air of elegance and prestige.

So, coming to the nineteenth century, the site of the current museum was occupied by the Cavalry Barracks and the Palais d’Orsay . Commune At times, the whole neighborhood was burned and charred walls of the Palais d’Orsay remained so until in 1900, on the eve of the World Expo , the state gave the land to the railroad company of Orleans.

It is planned to build on the site a new station in a more central the Austerlitz station, then the most important. Those selected to address the project were Lucien Magne , Emile Bénard and Victor Laloux (the latter responsible for the restoration of City of Paris). The challenge was great: it was to integrate a cold iron structure in an elegant neighborhood and near the Louvre and other palaces. Construction took two years and 14 July 1900 were inaugurated the station and luxurious Orsay. ran the station until 1939, then it was that girl and was impractical.

The abandoned building was the setting for several films, among including Process , Orson Wells, and was a refuge for the Renaud-Barrault theater company. In 1973 also stopped working Orsay hotel. Directorate of Museums of France looking for a place to stay then collections of art from the second half of the nineteenth century, and the old station building, about to be demolished and replaced by a modern, attracted attention and was declared a historic monument in 1978, while President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing authorized the creation of the new museum.

His successor, François Mitterrand , who was on 1 December 1986 opened the Musée d’Orsay. Adaptation of the season was a huge challenge, both technically and aesthetically. Organized in three levels and respecting the original architecture Laloux, Orsay Museum consists of about 80 rooms or galleries with over 4000 exhibits permanently, temporary exhibition halls, hall, auditorium, cafes and restaurants. collections gathered in Orsay Museum covering the period 1848-1914 and were taken from the Louvre (works by artists born after 1820), the Jeu de Paume Museum (devoted to impressionism since 1947) and the Museum of Modern Art , which had been installed at the Centre Pompidou retained only the works of authors born after 1870. The museum’s collections include not only paintings and drawings (counted about 15,000!)

But extend to other disciplines such as photography that emerged in this period, and also brings architecture 14,000 projects, 2,400 sculptures, 1,300 objects and furniture Art … Constantly heritage is enriched with acquisitions and donations.

Among the most prominent authors and works that can be admired in the Musée d’Orsay can quote Ingres ( La Source ), Degas ( Dancer dressed ), Millet ( Angelus , La Primavera ), Camille Corot ( A matinee. Dance of the Nymphs. ), Courbet ( The Origin of the World , The Artist’s Studio ), Monet ( The picnic ), Renoir ( The Moulin de la Galette ), Cezanne ( The woman in the coffee , Portrait of the Artist’s Mother ), Gauguin ( Self-Portrait with Yellow Christ ), Van Gogh ( The arlesiana , The Church of Auvers ) and Manet ( Olympia ).

The Egyptian Museum in Cairo is one of the most fantastic museums worldwide. It is a large building where they display the treasures of ancient Egyptian history, giving us the wonderful evidence of mental ability and artistic skill of the ancient Egyptian Man. In fact, before the arrival of the French campaign, led by the famous general Napoleon Bonaparte to Egypt in 1798, the ancient history of Egypt for centuries was almost unknown and full of a lot of confusion and ambiguity.

The French expedition brought more than 165 scholars and scientists in all specialties to study all aspects of Egyptian life, geography, zoology, geology, history, religion, traditions, laws etc. Those scientists showed great desire and enthusiasm to study the entire Egyptian, especially history and ancient monuments. Undoubtedly, the charm and grandeur of these monuments attracted many of them to go almost all regions of Egyptian territory especially in Upper Egypt. The ancient Egyptian monuments were the largest field of study and research for some of these historians and scholars. A few years later came the work of French painter and historian Vivian Dinon who walked enchanted by the wonders especially in Upper Egypt-Egypt, and finally his work resulted in a valuable book entitled “Travel to the Lower and Upper Egypt” published in Paris in 1803.

Also thanks to other French scholars that came with the French expedition that made ​​a great work that encompasses all aspects of life in Egypt of the eighteenth century, publishing his famous book titled, “del Descripcione ‘Egypte” which contains nine volumes of investigations and eleven paintings and illustrations. A few years later, a historical episode normal, guided to a great discovery; deciphering the secrets of Ancient Egyptian history. The stumbling upon a black stone known as the “Rosetta Stone” resulted, therefore, the deciphering of the ancient Egyptian language, a critical event in the history of mankind, and so the scriptures engraved on the walls of temples and tombs gave us great data history, civilization, and religious art in ancient Egypt.   During the nineteenth century began to appear in Europe in general and France in particular a new science called “Egyptology” which led to a fervour among scholars of Europe. and yet, historians, archaeologists, adventurers and treasure hunters and migratory came to Egypt enchanted by its history and culture, began excavating sites in different territory, and obviously some of them lacked the necessary scientific honesty, so there were thefts monuments and objects and immediately emerged a large market of Egyptian Antiquities in Europe, and while there was that time of the nineteenth century the true value of heritage monuments by the native Egyptians.

Neither the government nor the people knew the value of these authentic objects findings and wonderful antiques. and as there was no control over this sector cultural antiquities and Egyptians artifacts were subject to theft, trafficking, smuggling and careless neglect for nearly 50 years until the end of the reign of Governor Mohamad Ali (1805-1849), the modernization of Egypt, who sent conserve monuments and objects discovered in a building within the Citadel of Saladin in Cairo, prohibiting the trafficking of monuments outside the country. Thanks to Mariette Pacha (1821-1881) precurso the French Egyptologist who established the Egyptian Antiquities Service of first. Mariette in 1857 founded the first museum in the neighbourhood of true “Bulaq” in Cairo. It was, indeed, a small building that consisted of four rooms that were exposed objects and antiquities Egyptian . Soon, this museum was badly affected by the flooding of the river Nile, so the objects were transferred to an annex of a royal palace of the Egyptian Ismael Pacha in the city of Giza. now The Egyptian Museum in Cairo was a fruit of great efforts and good desire to preserve the ancient Egyptian artifacts. It was announced an international competition between European companies in the late nineteenth century to build a museum, and won the competition a company from Belgium, so the design of the facade of the museum, unfortunately, is not Egyptian, but was decorated in the style Greco-Roman.

The design of the museum was done by the French architect Marcel Dourgnon according to the neoclassical model. In 1897 the construction began and ended in 1901, but only the 15 November 1902 the museum was officially opened during the reign of the governor of Egypt Abass Helmi (1892-1914). Egyptian Museum now stands in the square doTahrir (centre of Cairo) near the east bank of the Nile (the corniche). It is a building of immense red colour with a large outdoor patio. The museum has a cafeteria and a book store selling gifts, postcards, slides, maps, guides and history books and Egyptian art. courtyard in the museum, across the internal portal there are three flags, the first is the National Flag, the second represents the Ministry of Culture, and the third belongs to the Supreme Council of Egyptian Antiquities. There, at the top of the facade falls two dates, the first is 1897, which refers to the date of commencement of construction works, while the second is 1901, indicates the end of the works, but the museum was inaugurated in 1902. There are also two initial letters to the right and to the left of the name aldo governor who ruled Egypt from 1892 to 1914, are the letters “A” and “H” indicate that successively named Abbas Helmi. At the center of the facade lies if the head of the goddess important according to ancient Egyptian beliefs, the goddess Hathor (Ht-Hr) who was considered one of the most famous and ancient Egyptian goddesses. She was the goddess who nursed the god Horus as a baby during the absence of his mother Isis acontecimenetos according to the legend of Osiris.

Hathor was the goddess of love, joy, music and motherhood. It was basically figured in three ways: the first as a cow fully, the second with a form híprida woman’s body and head of a cow, and the third way is a woman but with two cow horns on their heads and solar disk between them. On the facade, is the head of Hathor, is represented with the face of a woman, two horns with the solar disk. To both sides, right and left is a representção Goddess Isis celebrate, the wife of Osiris and mother of Horus. Isis was one of the fundamental divinities who played a large role in Ancient Egyptian Theology. Isis was the goddess of motherhood, loyalty, and magic. Here Isis is a figurative way Greco-Roman and not due to the traditional Egyptian style your wig and your gown also with node that is Roman. Salem addition, the facade was decorated in the Greco-Roman style due to the existence of two Ionic columns, as this type of columns only appeared in the Greco-Roman Period. After all they are some names of ancient Egyptian kings written into medallions. in the garden of the museum, some monuments are scattered here and there, most of them date from the New Kingdom period (1570-1080 a. C approx.). At the west end of the courtyard is a cenotaph, or symbolic tomb built in honor of the memory of the famous figure, the French Egyptologist Mariette Pasha, who was born in 1821 and died in 1881. It is, indeed, a marble cenotaph commemorating this famous figure who came to him the idea of fundção museum that houses and displays the objects found. He wished to be buried in this place, it seems that the cenotaph is only symbolic. The cenotaph is surrounded by busts of famous Egyptologists as one Champollião, Mariette, Selim Hassan, Labibi Habashi, Kamal Selim etc. At the centre of the courtyard is a fountain filled with two kinds of plants, the papyrus and lotus. The papyrus was the symbol of Lower Egypt (North), while the lotus was the symbol of Upper Egypt (the south). The papyrus is found in the swamps of the Delta region in northern Egypt. It is a plant that needs lots of water and measures almost 2 m. high. In Ancient Egyptian papyri were used to make writing paper, sandals, etc. and barges. While the lotus was in the South, and there were two species, the blue lotus and white lotus during the Ancient Egyptian Era.

We also know that the Romans introduced a third species from Asia. The lotus flower is the symbol of the resurrection, and beyond papyrus, lotus gave inspiration to architects to decorate ancient columns and capitals. Indeed, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo is one of the great museums in the world in terms of cantidade of exhibits and those who are still deposited, because – according to one estimate, the museum has about 120,000 objects on display, while there are over 100,000 obejectos stored in warehouses. The display of objects is arranged on two floors chronological order, with the direction of correpondendo clock inicindo up from Period Predinástico hence the Archaic Period, from the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, the New Kingdom, the Late Period and ends by early Greek Era in Egypt. The second floor is devoted primarily to display the collection of Tutankhamun, the objects from the tomb of the couple Yoya and Tuya and the Hall of Mummies. To both sides of the front entrance of the museum’s two sphinxes that give the visitor a special impression as if you are entering an Egyptian temple.

The National Gallery explores the mystery of the face in the painting throughout history.

LONDON . – The mystery of the faces and how it was captured by artists throughout history is the subject of an exhibition that opens this Thursday the National Gallery, with paintings by masters such as Goya, Rembrandt, and Hogarth .

‘Making Faces’ is the third exhibition in a series of four devoted to specific aspects of painting, such as light and the idea of ​​paradise (‘ Light ‘and’ Paradise ‘, inaugurated in 2003) and still life (‘ The Stuff of Life ‘), to be presented next year.

The exposure of faces, which contains 27 works from the National Gallery’s own museums and the English cities of Bristol and Newcastle, explores the different perspectives that can be addressed with a portrait, and “truth and lies” that sometimes contain.

“What is more real, the idealization of a face or a portrait of its imperfections?” Exposure poses.

The resemblance through different paths

“The portrait must contain some sort of resemblance to the model, says the curator, Alexander Sturgis, but that can be achieved in various ways, realism, caricature, the idealization …”

Some artists prefer to portray every last wrinkle, while others, such as Frank Auerbach, capture the essence through color or shape .

Highlighted in this small sample, it just takes a room at the London museum, the Francisco de Goya portrait of the lady became Madrid ‘Doña Isabel de Porcel’ in 1805, a lady whose vivacity blanket transfers its static pose.

The face can be represented in profile, as evidenced by ‘The Lady in Red’, painted in the fifteenth century by an unknown artist in the tradition Italian, or front, as a portrait of ‘Napoleon’ of the nineteenth century, which presents the emperor as an icon of power.

Pop Art

Andy Warhol preferred to manipulate photos and turn them into flattering portraits of famous ones, such as Joan Collins, 1985, present in this sample.

Catch a glimpse of expression, a smile instantly, no easy task for the painter. One of the works that best capture the spontaneous gesture is ‘Shrimp Girl’ (1740-5), William Hogarth, a smiling shrimp harvester which the artist immortalized with brush stroke agile and fluid.

And along comes the emotion expression, one of the biggest challenges for the creators, who came to haunt the painters of the seventeenth.

Besides religious imagery, ‘Making Faces’ shows’ The Feast of Belshazzar “(1635), Rembrandt van Rijn, a large group portrait that highlights the face of terror of the king of Babylon, that looks like a hand ghost writes a message on the wall that spells the end of his life and his reign.

Every visitor of Vienna that has a little curious and attracted to know a little town, definitely will go to one of the many art museums that the capital of Austria has to offer.

The Art Museum of Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum or clearly leading the way, in line with the Hermitage in St. Petersburg, the Uffizi in Florence, the Museo del Prado in Madrid, the Louvre in Paris and the Pinakothek in Munich . This great museum of Vienna is among the best art museums in Europe .

The KHM (Kunsthistorisches Museum abbreviation), contains what used to be the result of many generations obsession with art Habsburg. The Habsburgs collected artworks like crazy and spread that passion among high-ranking nobles of his empire .

Interior art museum in Vienna

Today, the KHM houses the fourth largest collection of paintings , the largest collection of Egyptian papyri, art Greek, Roman, Etruscan and other early cultures. It also has collections of Renaissance, and the crown jewels of the Holy Roman Empire of Germany, Austria, Hungary, Sicily and lots of other territories that were part of the portfolio of assets of the Habsburgs .

Fortunately, the richness of the museum is separated by several divisions and therefore the structure of the exhibition not completely overwhelms you. The way in which the collections are organized you can explore in a surprisingly rewarding .

Interior art museum in Vienna

KHM’s specialty is the collection of paintings of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, including the world’s largest collection of Bruegel, the Venetian art of Tintoretto, Veronese and Titian, and a large section of the German and Flemish Renaissance. Other masterpieces include works of Cellini salt cellar “leave”, which became a national icon when it was stolen and reappeared not too many years ago.

You can find much more information at their official website : http://www.khm.at/en/

Museum Hours and prices:

• Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 am to 18:00 pm.
• Thursday afternoon schedule lasts until 21:00.
• Monday, the museum closed permance.
• the price of the tour is 12 € for an adult ticket.
• Student price is 9 €.
• with the Vienna Card discount and the price we would be 11 €.
• for under 19, admission is free. 

The origins of these museums can be traced back to 1503 , the year that the newly appointed Pope Julius II donated his private collection. Since then both individuals and other families have been growing potatoes museum collection to make it one of the largest in the world .

Currently the Vatican Museums are more than 4 million visitors a year , but certainly one of the reasons for this is that they are the gateway to the Sistine Chapel .

What’s inside museums?

• Museo Pio – Clementino : Created by Popes Clement XIV and Pius VI, the museum brings together the most important Greek works of the Vatican.
• Apartment Pius V : Work of Pope Pius V, Flemish tapestries meets the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, a collection of medieval pottery and a miniature medieval mosaics.
• Gallery of the Candelabra : Statues Roman copies of Greek originals and huge chandeliers in the second century decorate this elegant gallery.
• Missionary Ethnological Museum : Works of art of all papal missions in the world, among which include objects from Tibet, Indonesia, India, Far East, Africa and America.
• Gallery cartographic maps : Made between the years 1580 and 1585, the beautiful maps frescoed on the walls of this gallery represent the Italian regions and the possessions of the church.
• Historical Museum – Hall of Floats : This section show floats, saddles, cars, and even the first locomotive of the Vatican City .
• Tapestry Gallery : Exhibition of Flemish tapestries created between 1523 and 1534.
• Pio Christian Museum : The collection consists of Christian antiquities statues, sarcophagi and archaeological remains of the sixth century.
• Pinacoteca : Through the eighteen rooms of the building of the gallery shows paintings from the Middle Ages until 1800.
• Hall and the Immaculate Sobieski : In both rooms shown canvases from the “Ottocento” Italian.
• Egyptian Museum : Among the pieces acquired by the popes are also some impressive sculptures of precious Egyptian sarcophagi of the third century BC can also see some black basalt statues (copies of Egyptian models) from the Villa Adriana .
• Etruscan Museum : This museum houses part of the elements of ceramics, bronze and gold belonging to the Etruscan civilization.
• Chiaramonti Museum : Created by Pius VII Chiaramonti, this gallery shows a thousand sculptures among which include portraits of emperors, images of gods and some monuments.
• Gregorian Profane Museum : the rooms contain Greek and Roman sculptures from the first to the third centuries AD
• Borgia Apartment : The apartment that belonged to Pope Alexander VI Borgia now serve as exhibition halls for the Collection of Modern Religious Art.
• Raphael : Raphael’s decorated with a unique taste of the apartments of Pope Julius II.
• Room of the Biga : A monumental marble figure of a chariot drawn by two horses made ​​in the first century AD fills the room giving the room name.

Avoiding queues

The queue for the Vatican Museums is probably the heaviest of Rome. To avoid it is advisable not to go on the last Sunday of every month (the day free) or at Easter . It is also advisable to avoid the weekends, especially in high season.

Our experience tells us that the best time to go is about 13:00 pm on weekdays . Most people usually agolpar first thing in the morning to avoid the queues and more often when you have to wait.

Long Time Waiting, But the National Museum Of The United States Army Is Almost Here

Image Credit: Wikipedia

The United States if full of museums and memorials for those who have served in the Armed Forces. From the Vietnam Memorial to the U.S. Army Museum of Hawaii, you can find just about anything which memorializes specific conflicts or time periods of U.S. history. Until now, there has not been anything that completely memorializes the entire history of specific branch of government. Scheduled to open in 2015, the National Museum of the United States Army is set to change that.

“I have been to monument dedications throughout the United States, but this is one that I believe I have looked forward to the most, “ said Doug Christiansen, a photographer from Mount Zion, Illinois. “The announcements about what to expect inside the museum have been quiet, which makes the anticipation grown even more.” Christiansen says he plans to travel to the opening ceremony with his wife and three children.

Construction on the museum is set to begin in fall of 2013 and will be located within minute of Washington D.C. at Ft. Belvoir, Virginia. It is planned to be a 155,000 square foot building set on over 40 acres of property. According to the Association of the United States Army, the museum will be accessible without having to enter the base which will make access less complex for visitors. The cost of the project is estimated at approximately $200 Million and the website for the museum is already up and running. When completed, the museum will celebrate the history of the United States Army from 1775 to present, including the men and women who have served both in war and during times of peace.

The project is the brainchild of the Department of the Army, who received fundraising support from the Army Historical Foundation. Visitor expectation is expected to be a little less than 1 Million people annually. With this many people expected to visit, the Department of the Army has spared no expense on the design. They have contracted with two nationally known firms, Christopher Chadbourne & Associates and Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. For those not familiar, Christopher Chadbourne & Associates has a wealth of museum design experience, while Skidmore, Owings & Merrill is the architectural design firm responsible for the design of the Freedom Tower at One World Trade Center.

They have also spared no expense on the pre-opening of the museum. They have contracted with award winning producer and director Kevin Meyer to write, direct, and produce a series of short documentaries for the new museum. The documentaries include voice over narration by Rex Linn and Karri Turner and will be available in the “Experiential Learning Center” on the museum website prior to opening, and then part of the traveling exhibit which will tour the country prior to landing at the museum on opening day. “This is a great experience for me being able to take part in something so special to this country,” stated Meyer. “I have worked in film for many years on many projects, but this one will always be forefront in my mind. My brother and nephews serve in the military and as a filmmaker, this is my way of giving back.” Meyer has produced many well known films including “Perfect Alibi” starring Teri Garr and also wrote the 1997 romantic comedy film “A Smile Like Yours” starring Greg Kinnear and Lauren Holly.

The site for the project was approved from Secretary of the Army John M. McHugh in June 2011. “In presenting the Army’s storied 236-year history, this long-overdue facility will offer the American people a unique opportunity to connect with our Soldiers and better understand and appreciate their many and glorious stories,” said McHugh. He is correct that a project like this is long overdue. To have something that covers the history of the U.S. Army so thoroughly is something that those who have served deserve. It is nice to see it finally coming to fruition.

Garry Reynolds is a decorated veteran of the United States Army and spends his time traveling to many of the U.S.’s most popular travel destinations.

The History of the Chandelier

Meaning ‘candle holder’, the word chandelier originates from the French word ‘chandelle’ (a fixture attached to the ceiling).  The Chandelier is the most stylish and beautiful form of lighting in the world, making a statement in any room.

The earliest chandelier dates back to over 1000 years ago, to medieval times. Then, chandeliers were generally made of wood, with candles placed on spikes set around them – a far cry from the stunning glass and crystal creations we know and love today.  Wooden lighting fixtures and exposed flames would send the health and safety conscious of us completely mad!

Gradually, rich Europeans re-designed the chandelier and by the early 1900’s crystal chandeliers with candles were all the rage. Crystal chandeliers made from cut glass which caught the light and sparkled brightly adorned the homes of the wealthy and famous, showing off their wealth and social status.

By the mid-19^th century, with the popularity of gas lighting, candle chandeliers were converted and by the 1890s, most chandeliers used a combination of gas and electricity.

The largest chandeliers in history

One of the most beautiful chandeliers in the world can be seen in Istanbul. Gifted to the Dolmabahce Palace by Queen Victoria, the chandelier weighs 4.5 tons and has 750 lamps. Other stunning examples of crystal chandeliers can be seen in the ‘Grand Salon’ of the Louvre and the Hall of Mirrors, in the Palace of Versailles, Paris, which contains 17 large and 26 small chandeliers, holding up to 1,000 candles in total, as well as in Prague, where many of the art nouveau buildings contain beautiful examples of chandeliers from the early 1900s.

Today, chandeliers have become glass art in museums across the globe. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London has a stunning example of a blown glass chandelier in the entrance hall. Created by glass artist Dale Chihuly in 2000, the 30ft chandelier is a breathtaking sight for visitors entering the museum.

The Corning Museum of Glass in New York contains more than 40,000 objects made from glass, dating from Egyptian times to the present day. Antique bowls, sculptures and glass portraits sit alongside contemporary sculptures and of course some amazing chandeliers, including the Erbium Chandelier, a vivid pink blown glass chandelier created in 1993 by Dale Chihuly.

Today, chandeliers have become more affordable for everyone. It is still lovely to have a unique and bespoke chandelier hand crafted by local glass artists, but it is also possible to find more budget friendly versions on the internet and in various home furnishing shops.  The chandelier has evolved from its simplest wooden designs to incorporate a wide variety of materials in its more modern reincarnation.  Furthermore, chandelier designs have also been adapted to suit those looking more for a piece of modern art than necessary lighting.  Chandelier designers such as Rocco Borghese have collections that show the stark difference between classic designs and more contemporary .

Modern Chandeliers.

Chandeliers have a rich history and are making a resurgence in modern times.  There is a huge variety of sizes and styles, and of course price right from the affordable ones in larger retailers to custom made chandeliers by boutique experts.

A must-see in Cairo  “Egypt”, is undoubtedly the Egyptian Museum, is required at least one day to see the entire collection of objects of the Pharaonic era, it houses the largest collection of objects Pharaonic times.

The museum is located north of Midan Tahrir in Tahrir Square, once you arrive at the entrance to force you to leave cameras and phones, it is forbidden to take pictures inside. The museum is impressively large and part of the entrance is a sitting area so you can spend some time sitting in the sun and also shops to buy souvenirs, books, coins ..

At the entrance of the museum you find a lot of guides that you can hire for 30 €, eye many of them are not official guides and are rather scammers. I only had three hours to see the museum, having read so much information I went to what really struck me as the room dedicated to Tutankhamen W where I could see the golden mask and all that was in Great Treasure his tomb in the Valley of the Kings W .

On the first floor there is a large collection of coins and papyrus, which is preserved in the museum are works of art, but not all can be seen as being restored many others and some no room to display them.

Another room I recommend is the area of the Old Kingdomvery well because the background can appreciate the seated statue of Mentuhotep I W .

A room that is very curious is where are the eleven Mummies, where the Ramses III and IV among many others, to get into it you have to pay some extra Egyptian pounds as it is not included in the price of the museum entrance. If you want to see mummies and do not want to pay the entrance, you can see in another room of several animal mummies.

Museum hours are from 9:00 to 6:30 every day, entry is allowed until 5:00 pm, mummies halls close at 6:00.